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/**
* Clusters of Node.js processes can be used to run multiple instances of Node.js
* that can distribute workloads among their application threads. When process isolation
* is not needed, use the [`worker_threads`](https://nodejs.org/docs/latest-v20.x/api/worker_threads.html)
* module instead, which allows running multiple application threads within a single Node.js instance.
*
* The cluster module allows easy creation of child processes that all share
* server ports.
*
* ```js
* import cluster from 'node:cluster';
* import http from 'node:http';
* import { availableParallelism } from 'node:os';
* import process from 'node:process';
*
* const numCPUs = availableParallelism();
*
* if (cluster.isPrimary) {
* console.log(`Primary ${process.pid} is running`);
*
* // Fork workers.
* for (let i = 0; i < numCPUs; i++) {
* cluster.fork();
* }
*
* cluster.on('exit', (worker, code, signal) => {
* console.log(`worker ${worker.process.pid} died`);
* });
* } else {
* // Workers can share any TCP connection
* // In this case it is an HTTP server
* http.createServer((req, res) => {
* res.writeHead(200);
* res.end('hello world\n');
* }).listen(8000);
*
* console.log(`Worker ${process.pid} started`);
* }
* ```
*
* Running Node.js will now share port 8000 between the workers:
*
* ```console
* $ node server.js
* Primary 3596 is running
* Worker 4324 started
* Worker 4520 started
* Worker 6056 started
* Worker 5644 started
* ```
*
* On Windows, it is not yet possible to set up a named pipe server in a worker.
* @see [source](https://github.com/nodejs/node/blob/v20.13.1/lib/cluster.js)
*/
declare module "cluster" {
import * as child from "node:child_process";
import EventEmitter = require("node:events");
import * as net from "node:net";
type SerializationType = "json" | "advanced";
export interface ClusterSettings {
/**
* List of string arguments passed to the Node.js executable.
* @default process.execArgv
*/
execArgv?: string[] | undefined;
/**
* File path to worker file.
* @default process.argv[1]
*/
exec?: string | undefined;
/**
* String arguments passed to worker.
* @default process.argv.slice(2)
*/
args?: string[] | undefined;
/**
* Whether or not to send output to parent's stdio.
* @default false
*/
silent?: boolean | undefined;
/**
* Configures the stdio of forked processes. Because the cluster module relies on IPC to function, this configuration must
* contain an `'ipc'` entry. When this option is provided, it overrides `silent`. See [`child_prcess.spawn()`](https://nodejs.org/docs/latest-v20.x/api/child_process.html#child_processspawncommand-args-options)'s
* [`stdio`](https://nodejs.org/docs/latest-v20.x/api/child_process.html#optionsstdio).
*/
stdio?: any[] | undefined;
/**
* Sets the user identity of the process. (See [`setuid(2)`](https://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man2/setuid.2.html).)
*/
uid?: number | undefined;
/**
* Sets the group identity of the process. (See [`setgid(2)`](https://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man2/setgid.2.html).)
*/
gid?: number | undefined;
/**
* Sets inspector port of worker. This can be a number, or a function that takes no arguments and returns a number.
* By default each worker gets its own port, incremented from the primary's `process.debugPort`.
*/
inspectPort?: number | (() => number) | undefined;
/**
* Specify the kind of serialization used for sending messages between processes. Possible values are `'json'` and `'advanced'`.
* See [Advanced serialization for `child_process`](https://nodejs.org/docs/latest-v20.x/api/child_process.html#advanced-serialization) for more details.
* @default false
*/
serialization?: SerializationType | undefined;
/**
* Current working directory of the worker process.
* @default undefined (inherits from parent process)
*/
cwd?: string | undefined;
/**
* Hide the forked processes console window that would normally be created on Windows systems.
* @default false
*/
windowsHide?: boolean | undefined;
}
export interface Address {
address: string;
port: number;
/**
* The `addressType` is one of:
*
* * `4` (TCPv4)
* * `6` (TCPv6)
* * `-1` (Unix domain socket)
* * `'udp4'` or `'udp6'` (UDPv4 or UDPv6)
*/
addressType: 4 | 6 | -1 | "udp4" | "udp6";
}
/**
* A `Worker` object contains all public information and method about a worker.
* In the primary it can be obtained using `cluster.workers`. In a worker
* it can be obtained using `cluster.worker`.
* @since v0.7.0
*/
export class Worker extends EventEmitter {
/**
* Each new worker is given its own unique id, this id is stored in the `id`.
*
* While a worker is alive, this is the key that indexes it in `cluster.workers`.
* @since v0.8.0
*/
id: number;
/**
* All workers are created using [`child_process.fork()`](https://nodejs.org/docs/latest-v20.x/api/child_process.html#child_processforkmodulepath-args-options), the returned object
* from this function is stored as `.process`. In a worker, the global `process` is stored.
*
* See: [Child Process module](https://nodejs.org/docs/latest-v20.x/api/child_process.html#child_processforkmodulepath-args-options).
*
* Workers will call `process.exit(0)` if the `'disconnect'` event occurs
* on `process` and `.exitedAfterDisconnect` is not `true`. This protects against
* accidental disconnection.
* @since v0.7.0
*/
process: child.ChildProcess;
/**
* Send a message to a worker or primary, optionally with a handle.
*
* In the primary, this sends a message to a specific worker. It is identical to [`ChildProcess.send()`](https://nodejs.org/docs/latest-v20.x/api/child_process.html#subprocesssendmessage-sendhandle-options-callback).
*
* In a worker, this sends a message to the primary. It is identical to `process.send()`.
*
* This example will echo back all messages from the primary:
*
* ```js
* if (cluster.isPrimary) {
* const worker = cluster.fork();
* worker.send('hi there');
*
* } else if (cluster.isWorker) {
* process.on('message', (msg) => {
* process.send(msg);
* });
* }
* ```
* @since v0.7.0
* @param options The `options` argument, if present, is an object used to parameterize the sending of certain types of handles.
*/
send(message: child.Serializable, callback?: (error: Error | null) => void): boolean;
send(
message: child.Serializable,
sendHandle: child.SendHandle,
callback?: (error: Error | null) => void,
): boolean;
send(
message: child.Serializable,
sendHandle: child.SendHandle,
options?: child.MessageOptions,
callback?: (error: Error | null) => void,
): boolean;
/**
* This function will kill the worker. In the primary worker, it does this by
* disconnecting the `worker.process`, and once disconnected, killing with `signal`. In the worker, it does it by killing the process with `signal`.
*
* The `kill()` function kills the worker process without waiting for a graceful
* disconnect, it has the same behavior as `worker.process.kill()`.
*
* This method is aliased as `worker.destroy()` for backwards compatibility.
*
* In a worker, `process.kill()` exists, but it is not this function;
* it is [`kill()`](https://nodejs.org/docs/latest-v20.x/api/process.html#processkillpid-signal).
* @since v0.9.12
* @param [signal='SIGTERM'] Name of the kill signal to send to the worker process.
*/
kill(signal?: string): void;
destroy(signal?: string): void;
/**
* In a worker, this function will close all servers, wait for the `'close'` event
* on those servers, and then disconnect the IPC channel.
*
* In the primary, an internal message is sent to the worker causing it to call `.disconnect()` on itself.
*
* Causes `.exitedAfterDisconnect` to be set.
*
* After a server is closed, it will no longer accept new connections,
* but connections may be accepted by any other listening worker. Existing
* connections will be allowed to close as usual. When no more connections exist,
* see `server.close()`, the IPC channel to the worker will close allowing it
* to die gracefully.
*
* The above applies _only_ to server connections, client connections are not
* automatically closed by workers, and disconnect does not wait for them to close
* before exiting.
*
* In a worker, `process.disconnect` exists, but it is not this function;
* it is `disconnect()`.
*
* Because long living server connections may block workers from disconnecting, it
* may be useful to send a message, so application specific actions may be taken to
* close them. It also may be useful to implement a timeout, killing a worker if
* the `'disconnect'` event has not been emitted after some time.
*
* ```js
* if (cluster.isPrimary) {
* const worker = cluster.fork();
* let timeout;
*
* worker.on('listening', (address) => {
* worker.send('shutdown');
* worker.disconnect();
* timeout = setTimeout(() => {
* worker.kill();
* }, 2000);
* });
*
* worker.on('disconnect', () => {
* clearTimeout(timeout);
* });
*
* } else if (cluster.isWorker) {
* const net = require('node:net');
* const server = net.createServer((socket) => {
* // Connections never end
* });
*
* server.listen(8000);
*
* process.on('message', (msg) => {
* if (msg === 'shutdown') {
* // Initiate graceful close of any connections to server
* }
* });
* }
* ```
* @since v0.7.7
* @return A reference to `worker`.
*/
disconnect(): void;
/**
* This function returns `true` if the worker is connected to its primary via its
* IPC channel, `false` otherwise. A worker is connected to its primary after it
* has been created. It is disconnected after the `'disconnect'` event is emitted.
* @since v0.11.14
*/
isConnected(): boolean;
/**
* This function returns `true` if the worker's process has terminated (either
* because of exiting or being signaled). Otherwise, it returns `false`.
*
* ```js
* import cluster from 'node:cluster';
* import http from 'node:http';
* import { availableParallelism } from 'node:os';
* import process from 'node:process';
*
* const numCPUs = availableParallelism();
*
* if (cluster.isPrimary) {
* console.log(`Primary ${process.pid} is running`);
*
* // Fork workers.
* for (let i = 0; i < numCPUs; i++) {
* cluster.fork();
* }
*
* cluster.on('fork', (worker) => {
* console.log('worker is dead:', worker.isDead());
* });
*
* cluster.on('exit', (worker, code, signal) => {
* console.log('worker is dead:', worker.isDead());
* });
* } else {
* // Workers can share any TCP connection. In this case, it is an HTTP server.
* http.createServer((req, res) => {
* res.writeHead(200);
* res.end(`Current process\n ${process.pid}`);
* process.kill(process.pid);
* }).listen(8000);
* }
* ```
* @since v0.11.14
*/
isDead(): boolean;
/**
* This property is `true` if the worker exited due to `.disconnect()`.
* If the worker exited any other way, it is `false`. If the
* worker has not exited, it is `undefined`.
*
* The boolean `worker.exitedAfterDisconnect` allows distinguishing between
* voluntary and accidental exit, the primary may choose not to respawn a worker
* based on this value.
*
* ```js
* cluster.on('exit', (worker, code, signal) => {
* if (worker.exitedAfterDisconnect === true) {
* console.log('Oh, it was just voluntary – no need to worry');
* }
* });
*
* // kill worker
* worker.kill();
* ```
* @since v6.0.0
*/
exitedAfterDisconnect: boolean;
/**
* events.EventEmitter
* 1. disconnect
* 2. error
* 3. exit
* 4. listening
* 5. message
* 6. online
*/
addListener(event: string, listener: (...args: any[]) => void): this;
addListener(event: "disconnect", listener: () => void): this;
addListener(event: "error", listener: (error: Error) => void): this;
addListener(event: "exit", listener: (code: number, signal: string) => void): this;
addListener(event: "listening", listener: (address: Address) => void): this;
addListener(event: "message", listener: (message: any, handle: net.Socket | net.Server) => void): this; // the handle is a net.Socket or net.Server object, or undefined.
addListener(event: "online", listener: () => void): this;
emit(event: string | symbol, ...args: any[]): boolean;
emit(event: "disconnect"): boolean;
emit(event: "error", error: Error): boolean;
emit(event: "exit", code: number, signal: string): boolean;
emit(event: "listening", address: Address): boolean;
emit(event: "message", message: any, handle: net.Socket | net.Server): boolean;
emit(event: "online"): boolean;
on(event: string, listener: (...args: any[]) => void): this;
on(event: "disconnect", listener: () => void): this;
on(event: "error", listener: (error: Error) => void): this;
on(event: "exit", listener: (code: number, signal: string) => void): this;
on(event: "listening", listener: (address: Address) => void): this;
on(event: "message", listener: (message: any, handle: net.Socket | net.Server) => void): this; // the handle is a net.Socket or net.Server object, or undefined.
on(event: "online", listener: () => void): this;
once(event: string, listener: (...args: any[]) => void): this;
once(event: "disconnect", listener: () => void): this;
once(event: "error", listener: (error: Error) => void): this;
once(event: "exit", listener: (code: number, signal: string) => void): this;
once(event: "listening", listener: (address: Address) => void): this;
once(event: "message", listener: (message: any, handle: net.Socket | net.Server) => void): this; // the handle is a net.Socket or net.Server object, or undefined.
once(event: "online", listener: () => void): this;
prependListener(event: string, listener: (...args: any[]) => void): this;
prependListener(event: "disconnect", listener: () => void): this;
prependListener(event: "error", listener: (error: Error) => void): this;
prependListener(event: "exit", listener: (code: number, signal: string) => void): this;
prependListener(event: "listening", listener: (address: Address) => void): this;
prependListener(event: "message", listener: (message: any, handle: net.Socket | net.Server) => void): this; // the handle is a net.Socket or net.Server object, or undefined.
prependListener(event: "online", listener: () => void): this;
prependOnceListener(event: string, listener: (...args: any[]) => void): this;
prependOnceListener(event: "disconnect", listener: () => void): this;
prependOnceListener(event: "error", listener: (error: Error) => void): this;
prependOnceListener(event: "exit", listener: (code: number, signal: string) => void): this;
prependOnceListener(event: "listening", listener: (address: Address) => void): this;
prependOnceListener(event: "message", listener: (message: any, handle: net.Socket | net.Server) => void): this; // the handle is a net.Socket or net.Server object, or undefined.
prependOnceListener(event: "online", listener: () => void): this;
}
export interface Cluster extends EventEmitter {
disconnect(callback?: () => void): void;
/**
* Spawn a new worker process.
*
* This can only be called from the primary process.
* @param env Key/value pairs to add to worker process environment.
* @since v0.6.0
*/
fork(env?: any): Worker;
/** @deprecated since v16.0.0 - use isPrimary. */
readonly isMaster: boolean;
/**
* True if the process is a primary. This is determined by the `process.env.NODE_UNIQUE_ID`. If `process.env.NODE_UNIQUE_ID`
* is undefined, then `isPrimary` is `true`.
* @since v16.0.0
*/
readonly isPrimary: boolean;
/**
* True if the process is not a primary (it is the negation of `cluster.isPrimary`).
* @since v0.6.0
*/
readonly isWorker: boolean;
/**
* The scheduling policy, either `cluster.SCHED_RR` for round-robin or `cluster.SCHED_NONE` to leave it to the operating system. This is a
* global setting and effectively frozen once either the first worker is spawned, or [`.setupPrimary()`](https://nodejs.org/docs/latest-v20.x/api/cluster.html#clustersetupprimarysettings)
* is called, whichever comes first.
*
* `SCHED_RR` is the default on all operating systems except Windows. Windows will change to `SCHED_RR` once libuv is able to effectively distribute
* IOCP handles without incurring a large performance hit.
*
* `cluster.schedulingPolicy` can also be set through the `NODE_CLUSTER_SCHED_POLICY` environment variable. Valid values are `'rr'` and `'none'`.
* @since v0.11.2
*/
schedulingPolicy: number;
/**
* After calling [`.setupPrimary()`](https://nodejs.org/docs/latest-v20.x/api/cluster.html#clustersetupprimarysettings)
* (or [`.fork()`](https://nodejs.org/docs/latest-v20.x/api/cluster.html#clusterforkenv)) this settings object will contain
* the settings, including the default values.
*
* This object is not intended to be changed or set manually.
* @since v0.7.1
*/
readonly settings: ClusterSettings;
/** @deprecated since v16.0.0 - use [`.setupPrimary()`](https://nodejs.org/docs/latest-v20.x/api/cluster.html#clustersetupprimarysettings) instead. */
setupMaster(settings?: ClusterSettings): void;
/**
* `setupPrimary` is used to change the default 'fork' behavior. Once called, the settings will be present in `cluster.settings`.
*
* Any settings changes only affect future calls to [`.fork()`](https://nodejs.org/docs/latest-v20.x/api/cluster.html#clusterforkenv)
* and have no effect on workers that are already running.
*
* The only attribute of a worker that cannot be set via `.setupPrimary()` is the `env` passed to
* [`.fork()`](https://nodejs.org/docs/latest-v20.x/api/cluster.html#clusterforkenv).
*
* The defaults above apply to the first call only; the defaults for later calls are the current values at the time of
* `cluster.setupPrimary()` is called.
*
* ```js
* import cluster from 'node:cluster';
*
* cluster.setupPrimary({
* exec: 'worker.js',
* args: ['--use', 'https'],
* silent: true,
* });
* cluster.fork(); // https worker
* cluster.setupPrimary({
* exec: 'worker.js',
* args: ['--use', 'http'],
* });
* cluster.fork(); // http worker
* ```
*
* This can only be called from the primary process.
* @since v16.0.0
*/
setupPrimary(settings?: ClusterSettings): void;
/**
* A reference to the current worker object. Not available in the primary process.
*
* ```js
* import cluster from 'node:cluster';
*
* if (cluster.isPrimary) {
* console.log('I am primary');
* cluster.fork();
* cluster.fork();
* } else if (cluster.isWorker) {
* console.log(`I am worker #${cluster.worker.id}`);
* }
* ```
* @since v0.7.0
*/
readonly worker?: Worker | undefined;
/**
* A hash that stores the active worker objects, keyed by `id` field. This makes it easy to loop through all the workers. It is only available in the primary process.
*
* A worker is removed from `cluster.workers` after the worker has disconnected _and_ exited. The order between these two events cannot be determined in advance. However, it
* is guaranteed that the removal from the `cluster.workers` list happens before the last `'disconnect'` or `'exit'` event is emitted.
*
* ```js
* import cluster from 'node:cluster';
*
* for (const worker of Object.values(cluster.workers)) {
* worker.send('big announcement to all workers');
* }
* ```
* @since v0.7.0
*/
readonly workers?: NodeJS.Dict<Worker> | undefined;
readonly SCHED_NONE: number;
readonly SCHED_RR: number;
/**
* events.EventEmitter
* 1. disconnect
* 2. exit
* 3. fork
* 4. listening
* 5. message
* 6. online
* 7. setup
*/
addListener(event: string, listener: (...args: any[]) => void): this;
addListener(event: "disconnect", listener: (worker: Worker) => void): this;
addListener(event: "exit", listener: (worker: Worker, code: number, signal: string) => void): this;
addListener(event: "fork", listener: (worker: Worker) => void): this;
addListener(event: "listening", listener: (worker: Worker, address: Address) => void): this;
addListener(
event: "message",
listener: (worker: Worker, message: any, handle: net.Socket | net.Server) => void,
): this; // the handle is a net.Socket or net.Server object, or undefined.
addListener(event: "online", listener: (worker: Worker) => void): this;
addListener(event: "setup", listener: (settings: ClusterSettings) => void): this;
emit(event: string | symbol, ...args: any[]): boolean;
emit(event: "disconnect", worker: Worker): boolean;
emit(event: "exit", worker: Worker, code: number, signal: string): boolean;
emit(event: "fork", worker: Worker): boolean;
emit(event: "listening", worker: Worker, address: Address): boolean;
emit(event: "message", worker: Worker, message: any, handle: net.Socket | net.Server): boolean;
emit(event: "online", worker: Worker): boolean;
emit(event: "setup", settings: ClusterSettings): boolean;
on(event: string, listener: (...args: any[]) => void): this;
on(event: "disconnect", listener: (worker: Worker) => void): this;
on(event: "exit", listener: (worker: Worker, code: number, signal: string) => void): this;
on(event: "fork", listener: (worker: Worker) => void): this;
on(event: "listening", listener: (worker: Worker, address: Address) => void): this;
on(event: "message", listener: (worker: Worker, message: any, handle: net.Socket | net.Server) => void): this; // the handle is a net.Socket or net.Server object, or undefined.
on(event: "online", listener: (worker: Worker) => void): this;
on(event: "setup", listener: (settings: ClusterSettings) => void): this;
once(event: string, listener: (...args: any[]) => void): this;
once(event: "disconnect", listener: (worker: Worker) => void): this;
once(event: "exit", listener: (worker: Worker, code: number, signal: string) => void): this;
once(event: "fork", listener: (worker: Worker) => void): this;
once(event: "listening", listener: (worker: Worker, address: Address) => void): this;
once(event: "message", listener: (worker: Worker, message: any, handle: net.Socket | net.Server) => void): this; // the handle is a net.Socket or net.Server object, or undefined.
once(event: "online", listener: (worker: Worker) => void): this;
once(event: "setup", listener: (settings: ClusterSettings) => void): this;
prependListener(event: string, listener: (...args: any[]) => void): this;
prependListener(event: "disconnect", listener: (worker: Worker) => void): this;
prependListener(event: "exit", listener: (worker: Worker, code: number, signal: string) => void): this;
prependListener(event: "fork", listener: (worker: Worker) => void): this;
prependListener(event: "listening", listener: (worker: Worker, address: Address) => void): this;
// the handle is a net.Socket or net.Server object, or undefined.
prependListener(
event: "message",
listener: (worker: Worker, message: any, handle?: net.Socket | net.Server) => void,
): this;
prependListener(event: "online", listener: (worker: Worker) => void): this;
prependListener(event: "setup", listener: (settings: ClusterSettings) => void): this;
prependOnceListener(event: string, listener: (...args: any[]) => void): this;
prependOnceListener(event: "disconnect", listener: (worker: Worker) => void): this;
prependOnceListener(event: "exit", listener: (worker: Worker, code: number, signal: string) => void): this;
prependOnceListener(event: "fork", listener: (worker: Worker) => void): this;
prependOnceListener(event: "listening", listener: (worker: Worker, address: Address) => void): this;
// the handle is a net.Socket or net.Server object, or undefined.
prependOnceListener(
event: "message",
listener: (worker: Worker, message: any, handle: net.Socket | net.Server) => void,
): this;
prependOnceListener(event: "online", listener: (worker: Worker) => void): this;
prependOnceListener(event: "setup", listener: (settings: ClusterSettings) => void): this;
}
const cluster: Cluster;
export default cluster;
}
declare module "node:cluster" {
export * from "cluster";
export { default as default } from "cluster";
}